1By the time you feel the anger, your body has already set off. That feeling is news arriving late, not proof that you have failed at anything.
So the thing worth practising is noticing earlier: heat in the face, a jaw setting, the voice climbing half a tone. You are not trying to stop the emotion from starting, only to hear about it sooner. Most people have one reliable early sign, and one is enough to work with.
Islamic evidence
Those who are aware of God think of Him when Satan prompts them to do something and immediately they can see [straight] (Quran 7:201). The sooner the prompting is noticed, the sooner clear sight comes back.
“those who are aware of God think of Him when Satan prompts them to do something and immediately they can see [straight]”
Qur'an 7:201
Psychological evidence
In a randomised controlled trial, brief internet treatments that taught either mindful awareness of emotion or cognitive reappraisal both reduced problematic anger, with no clear advantage to combining them. Attending to what is happening in you seems to help, and it is not the only route that works. It was a short, therapist-supported online programme, so it says more about the direction than about how much.
Bjureberg J, Ojala O, Berg A, Edvardsson E, Kolbeinsson Ö, Molander O, Morin E, Nordgren L, Palme K, Särnholm J, Wedin L, Rück C, Gross JJ, Hesser H. (2023). Journal of consulting and clinical psychology · doi
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Why it works. Catching the body's first signals buys you a few extra seconds before you speak.
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none yet2Anger can feel good for a moment, righteous and awake and clear. That warm rush is exactly why it is hard to interrupt at the only point where interrupting works.
If you wait until you feel like stopping, you will not stop, because in the first seconds the anger feels like the correct response rather than a problem. Notice the pleasure in it and let that be the cue itself. It also helps to turn towards what you actually care about, quietly, instead of arguing with the feeling head on.
Islamic evidence
Yet man prays for harm, just as he prays for good: man is ever hasty (Quran 17:11). What feels urgently right in that second can be the very thing you would never choose in the cold.
“Yet man prays for harm, just as he prays for good: man is ever hasty”
Qur'an 17:11
Psychological evidence
In a laboratory study of 516 social drinkers, alcohol increased aggression mainly among those who dwelt on the provocation, which suggests the dwelling is the bridge between feeling something and lashing out. In four other experiments, briefly writing about a core personal value restored self-control in people whose willpower had just been taxed. Both are lab studies with student and volunteer samples, so read them as a hint about direction, not a recipe.
Borders A, Giancola PR. (2011). Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs · doi
Schmeichel BJ, Vohs K. (2009). Journal of personality and social psychology · doi
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Why it works. Naming the pull of the anger turns it into something you are looking at rather than something driving.
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none yet3The threat system fires in under a second, and conscious oversight needs two or three. A time-out is not a clever technique, it is just a way of surviving that gap.
Decide now what you will do with those seconds, because you will not invent it on the spot. Mouth closed, feet still, one slow breath out, or a plain sentence like "give me a minute". Practise it in small irritations so it is familiar when the big one comes.
Islamic evidence
If Satan should prompt you to do something, seek refuge with God (Quran 7:200). One short act is given for the second the impulse lands, small enough that you can actually do it.
“If Satan should prompt you to do something, seek refuge with God- He is all hearing, all knowing”
Qur'an 7:200
Psychological evidence
In a controlled comparison, children who practised a brief attention-training exercise then waited longer for a bigger reward than children who did progressive muscle relaxation or nothing, which suggests waiting is trainable rather than fixed. A meta-analysis of young people with ADHD found a reliable preference for smaller immediate rewards over larger delayed ones, so if waiting is genuinely harder for you, that is a measurable difference and not a character flaw. Both are studies of children, and neither measured anger.
Murray J, Scott H, Connolly C, Wells A. (2018). Behaviour research and therapy · doi
Patros CH, Alderson RM, Kasper LJ, Tarle SJ, Lea SE, Hudec KL. (2016). Clinical psychology review · doi
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Why it works. Doing nothing for a few seconds lets the slower, wiser part of you catch up.
When not to. If leaving the room would be unsafe or would land as abandonment, say out loud that you are coming back and roughly when.
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none yet4Two or three seconds is long enough to say the sentence that ends a job or a marriage. That is the whole reason such a small skill is worth this much practice.
The distance between what you can take back and what you cannot is very short. Most people already know their own worst line, the one that comes out when they feel cornered. Knowing it in advance makes it easier to feel it coming and hold it, and to keep the argument about the thing you are actually angry about.
Islamic evidence
Tell My servants to say what is best. Satan sows discord among them (Quran 17:53). The instruction lands exactly where the harm happens, on the words about to leave your mouth.
“[Prophet], tell My servants to say what is best. Satan sows discord among them: Satan is a sworn enemy of man”
Qur'an 17:53
Psychological evidence
In a randomised controlled trial, internet-delivered emotion-regulation and conflict-management training reduced aggression towards partners among 65 people who had come forward about their own aggression, and the change in emotion regulation appeared to carry the effect. It is a small, self-referred sample, so treat it as encouraging rather than settled.
Hesser H, Axelsson S, Bäcke V, Engstrand J, Gustafsson T, Holmgren E, Jeppsson U, Pollack M, Nordén K, Rosenqvist D, Andersson G. (2017). Clinical psychology & psychotherapy · doi
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Why it works. The lasting damage in a row usually comes from a handful of words, so guarding those few words protects a great deal.
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none yet5You do think before you act. The trouble is that you react first, and the thinking arrives just behind it.
This is better news than it sounds, because it means your judgement is not missing, only mistimed. So the job in a flare is to stall rather than to solve. Leave a space and the sensible thinking will turn up in it, usually within a minute.
Islamic evidence
When Moses' anger abated, he picked up the Tablets, on which were inscribed guidance and mercy (Quran 7:154). What the anger covered was still there to be picked up once it passed.
“When Moses’ anger abated, he picked up the Tablets, on which were inscribed guidance and mercy for those who stood in awe of their Lord”
Qur'an 7:154
Psychological evidence
Pooling brain imaging studies, reinterpreting an upsetting situation consistently engaged frontal and parietal control regions and reduced activity in the amygdala, the brain's threat detector. So the machinery for cooling a reaction is real and is yours. What the meta-analysis does not show is that it works while you are already shouting, since the studies were calm laboratory tasks.
Buhle JT, Silvers JA, Wager TD, Lopez R, Onyemekwu C, Kober H, Weber J, Ochsner KN. (2014). Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · doi
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Why it works. A short delay lets the reasoning you already have reach the moment instead of arriving after the damage.
Feedback
none yet6Once it starts rolling, it gathers. A small exchange becomes a shouting match becomes something with consequences, and every step feels reasonable given the one before.
The cheapest place to stop is early, at the first sharp reply, long before you can see how far it has gone. Naming it out loud helps: "we are climbing, let us stop", said plainly rather than as a jab. Alcohol makes every rung easier to climb and harder to see.
Islamic evidence
Satan threatens you with the prospect of poverty and commands you to do foul deeds; God promises you His forgiveness and His abundance (Quran 2:268). Two voices are audible while it escalates, and one of them is still offering a way out.
“Satan threatens you with the prospect of poverty and commands you to do foul deeds; God promises you His forgiveness and His abundance: God is limitless and all knowing”
Qur'an 2:268
Psychological evidence
In a laboratory study of 69 couples, aggression was highest when three things came together: heavy dwelling on the provocation, little reappraisal, and alcohol. The factors combined rather than acting alone. A separate experiment found that people who had just been drained by a self-control task drank more alcohol when given free access, which is one way an evening compounds on itself. Both are laboratory settings, so the pattern travels better than the numbers.
Watkins LE, DiLillo D, Maldonado RC. (2015). Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · doi
Christiansen P, Cole JC, Field M. (2012). Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · doi
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Why it works. Each escalation raises the other person's sense of threat, which raises yours, so stopping costs more the longer it runs.
When not to. If escalation at home has ever involved violence or fear, this needs specialist support rather than a self-help tip.
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none yet7Let the strength of the feeling be your signal. When it is this loud, your judgement is temporarily unavailable, so the rule is simply no replies and no decisions at this volume.
Noticing intensity is far easier than working out whether you are being fair, and it still works when you are overloaded. Set the rule while you are calm: above a certain level I do not send it, sign it, or say it. Then the only job in the moment is to notice the level.
Islamic evidence
If you remain mindful of God, He will give you a criterion [to tell right from wrong] (Quran 8:29). A standard held in advance is what you lean on when your own reading of the moment cannot be trusted.
“Believers, if you remain mindful of God, He will give you a criterion [to tell right from wrong] and wipe out your bad deeds, and forgive you: God’s favour is great indeed”
Qur'an 8:29
Psychological evidence
In a randomised experiment, forming a specific if-then plan beforehand reduced how much tempting food people served themselves, showing that a decision made in advance can override an impulse in the moment. It was a study of portion size rather than anger, so the principle transfers better than the details do.
van Koningsbruggen GM, Veling H, Stroebe W, Aarts H. (2014). British journal of health psychology · doi
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Why it works. A rule fixed in advance takes the decision away from the version of you least able to make it.
Feedback
none yet8Give the alarm system a name. Saying "that is my alarm going off, not my judgement" puts a little air between you and the reaction.
Some people use an actual name, others just say "the old alarm" or "threat system". It sounds childish until you try it with your chest thumping, and then it turns out to be one of the few things still available to you. The point is not to mock the feeling but to stop treating it as the final word on what is happening.
Islamic evidence
Who whispers into the hearts of people (Quran 114:5). The whispering is described as something that comes at the heart rather than as the heart itself, and that distance is exactly what you are trying to keep.
“who whispers into the hearts of people––”
Qur'an 114:5
Psychological evidence
In a randomised controlled trial with forensic psychiatric patients, acceptance-based anger management training reduced anger rumination and impulsivity compared with controls, though it was a single-site trial with a modest sample. Deliberate self-talk has also been found to help hold attention under distraction and mental fatigue, in an eye-tracking study of 43 novice dart players, with the benefit depending on how depleted people were. Neither study tested naming an emotion mid-argument.
Polat H, Asi Karakaş S. (2021). Perspectives in psychiatric care · doi
Geng L, Zou R, Li J, Yu L, Hong X. (2025). PloS one · doi
Review detail
Why it works. Describing the reaction from the outside makes it something you have rather than something you are.
Feedback
none yet9The alarm sits early in the chain, which is why it beats you to a conclusion. Speed is what it is for, and accuracy is not.
A fast, crude warning is exactly right when a car is coming and much less useful when it is your brother's tone of voice. Take the first signal as a rough alert and let the slower reading catch up before you decide what it meant. That is usually a matter of seconds, not of years of therapy.
Islamic evidence
If a prompting from Satan should stir you, seek refuge with God (Quran 41:36). The instruction attaches to the stirring itself, before you have worked out what the stirring means.
“If a prompting from Satan should stir you, seek refuge with God: He is the All Hearing and the All Knowing”
Qur'an 41:36
Psychological evidence
In a brain stimulation experiment, disrupting a region involved in inhibiting impulses increased both motor impulsivity and aggressive retaliation after provocation, which supports the idea of a narrow window in which control is possible. It is a small laboratory study, and it tells us about the window rather than about what to do inside it.
Dambacher F, Sack AT, Lobbestael J, Arntz A, Brugman S, Schuhmann T. (2015). Social cognitive and affective neuroscience · doi
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Why it works. The quick warning is built for speed, so it trades accuracy for being early.
Feedback
none yet10The alarm gets the first word. It does not get the last one, unless you spend the next minute repeating what it said.
Most of the damage comes from the second, third and fourth sentence, the ones that agree with the first. You can let the reaction stand without endorsing it: feel it, do not act it, then say the thing you would still stand behind tomorrow. Anger that states what you need is a different creature from anger that goes for the person.
Islamic evidence
He would have succumbed to her if he had not seen evidence of his Lord (Quran 12:24). The pull was real and it still did not decide the outcome, because something else landed inside the moment.
“She made for him, and he would have succumbed to her if he had not seen evidence of his Lord- We did this in order to keep evil and indecency away from him, for he was truly one of Our chosen servants”
Qur'an 12:24
Psychological evidence
In a randomised controlled trial of dialectical behaviour informed skills training for borderline personality disorder, the benefit worked partly by shifting people from destructive or suppressed anger towards assertive anger, meaning anger expressed as a statement of need rather than an attack. That suggests the aim is not to remove the anger but to change what it does with your mouth. It is one trial in one clinical group, so read it as a direction rather than a guarantee.
Kramer U, Pascual-Leone A, Berthoud L, de Roten Y, Marquet P, Kolly S, Despland JN, Page D. (2016). Clinical psychology & psychotherapy · doi
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Why it works. The first reaction is automatic, but everything after it is yours to choose.
Feedback
none yet11Slow your out breath. The threat system reads the state of your blood as well as the state of the room, so changing how you breathe changes something it is genuinely listening to.
Make the out breath longer than the in breath, roughly six breaths a minute, for two or three minutes. It is dull, and dull is the point, because you want something you can still do with no cleverness left. Practise it while calm so your body knows the rhythm when you are not.
Islamic evidence
Celebrate His praise during the night, and at the beginning and end of the day, so that you may find contentment (Quran 20:130). Contentment is tied to a rhythm kept steadily, not to something summoned only in the crisis.
“so [Prophet] be patient with what they say- celebrate the praise of your Lord, before the rising and setting of the sun, celebrate His praise during the night, and at the beginning and end of the day, so that you may find contentment”
Qur'an 20:130
Psychological evidence
A meta-analysis of randomised studies of heart rate variability biofeedback, which trains slow breathing at a person's own resonance frequency, found moderate improvements in anxiety, depression and performance measures. That is decent evidence for slow breathing as a regular practice. It is not a demonstration that a few breaths will halt an outburst in progress.
Lehrer P, Kaur K, Sharma A, Shah K, Huseby R, Bhavsar J, Sgobba P, Zhang Y. (2020). Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback · doi
Review detail
Why it works. Slow breathing changes the body signals the alarm system is reading, so the alarm quietens.
Feedback
none yet12Your body knows before you have words for it. A tightening jaw or a hot face is the first news, and it arrives well before any thought about what they meant by that.
So the earliest place to catch anger is physical rather than verbal. Learn your own two or three signs and check for them the way you check a pocket for keys. Waiting for a clear thought like I am getting angry usually means waiting until the sentence has already left your mouth.
Islamic evidence
If Satan should prompt you to do something, seek refuge with God (Quran 7:200). The prompting is the thing you are learning to feel arriving, and the response is ready before you have analysed it.
“If Satan should prompt you to do something, seek refuge with God- He is all hearing, all knowing”
Qur'an 7:200
Psychological evidence
A meta analysis of heart rate variability and brain imaging studies found that this simple heart measure tracked activity in prefrontal and amygdala circuits, supporting its use as a readout of how well threat is being managed. Your pulse and your breath really are carrying information about the regulating system. It is a broad research picture, not a gauge you can read off precisely in the middle of an argument.
Thayer JF, Ahs F, Fredrikson M, Sollers JJ, Wager TD. (2012). Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · doi
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Why it works. The alarm system has no words, so its first output is a feeling in the body rather than a sentence.
Feedback
none yet13Anger often grows after the moment that started it, with nothing new added. The system amplifies its own signal, insisting that this is big, pay attention, react.
That is how you can leave a conversation at a five and reach an eight by the time you get to the car. Knowing it climbs on its own lets you plan for the climb rather than be ambushed by it. Leave earlier than feels necessary, and give the body something to do: breathing out for longer than you breathe in is unglamorous and it works better than arguing with yourself.
Islamic evidence
Seek help with steadfastness and prayer (Quran 2:45). The help named here is practical, and the body is not left out of it.
“Seek help with steadfastness and prayer- though this is hard indeed for anyone but the humble”
Qur'an 2:45
Psychological evidence
A meta analysis of randomised studies found that training people to breathe slowly at their own resonant rate produced moderate improvements in anxiety, depression and performance measures. The effect sits on the body's regulation rather than on the argument you are having. Most of those trials involved repeated practice sessions, so this works better as something already rehearsed than as a rescue you try for the first time mid row.
Lehrer P, Kaur K, Sharma A, Shah K, Huseby R, Bhavsar J, Sgobba P, Zhang Y. (2020). Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback · doi
Review detail
Why it works. Slowing the breath gives the body evidence that the emergency is over, which is what the alarm is listening for.
Feedback
none yet14In the heat of it there is no middle ground on offer. Asking yourself to see the grey areas mid argument is asking for something your mind is not running just then.
Extremity is the point of the system: anything built to survive a serious threat cannot stop to weigh probabilities. So when you notice you have gone all or nothing, treat that as information about your state rather than about the person. The nuance has not vanished, it is simply unavailable until the arousal comes down.
Islamic evidence
Only those who are steadfast in patience, only those who are blessed with great righteousness, will attain to such goodness (Quran 41:35). The verse is honest that this response comes out of prior practice and not out of good intentions in the moment.
“but only those who are steadfast in patience, only those who are blessed with great righteousness, will attain to such goodness”
Qur'an 41:35
Psychological evidence
A meta analysis of brain imaging studies found that reinterpreting an upsetting situation consistently drew on frontal and parietal control regions and reduced activity in the amygdala, the brain's threat detector. Reappraisal is a demanding operation rather than a free one, which fits how impossible it feels at peak anger. These were scanner tasks with mild laboratory stressors, not real fights.
Buhle JT, Silvers JA, Wager TD, Lopez R, Onyemekwu C, Kober H, Weber J, Ochsner KN. (2014). Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · doi
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Why it works. Weighing two sides takes the very machinery that goes quiet when you are flooded.
Feedback
none yet15Talking yourself out of anger while it is peaking rarely works. Noticing that a thought is happening costs far less than winning an argument with it.
The reasonable voice is quiet exactly when the alarm is loud, so debating yourself tends to end with you losing to yourself and feeling worse for it. Try the lighter move: that is the flare talking, I will look at it later. You are neither agreeing with the thought nor fighting it, only marking it and letting it pass through.
Islamic evidence
Say, 'I seek refuge with the Lord of people' (Quran 114:1). It is short on purpose, for a moment when there is no capacity for anything longer.
“Say, ‘I seek refuge with the Lord of people”
Qur'an 114:1
Psychological evidence
In a randomised experiment with 62 students, training people to use planned self talk protected their selective attention after their self control had already been worn down. Short prepared phrases seem to help attention hold, which is a different thing from reasoning your way out of a feeling. It was a small study using an attention task, so it supports a brief cue rather than a full internal debate.
Gregersen J, Hatzigeorgiadis A, Galanis E, Comoutos N, Papaioannou A. (2017). Journal of sport & exercise psychology · doi
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Why it works. Labelling a thought asks much less of you than arguing with it does.
Feedback
none yet16There is a stretch after anger fires when a person is feeling rather than thinking. In it, only information that matches the emotion gets through, so reasoning at yourself or at anyone else is wasted breath.
What does land in that stretch is physical and relational: a slower breath, a change of room, a hand on your own chest, a kind tone that asks for nothing. Save the sensible conversation for after the wave has passed. And do not read the failure of logic in those minutes as proof that the other person did not want to hear you.
Islamic evidence
He would have succumbed to her if he had not seen evidence of his Lord (Quran 12:24). What interrupted that moment was something seen, not a case argued.
“She made for him, and he would have succumbed to her if he had not seen evidence of his Lord- We did this in order to keep evil and indecency away from him, for he was truly one of Our chosen servants”
Qur'an 12:24
Psychological evidence
In a brain stimulation experiment, disrupting a region involved in holding back impulses increased both impulsive movement and retaliation after provocation, supporting the idea of a narrow window in which control is genuinely available. Where that capacity is compromised, argument is no substitute for it. It was a small laboratory study of one brain region rather than a picture of a real conflict.
Dambacher F, Sack AT, Lobbestael J, Arntz A, Brugman S, Schuhmann T. (2015). Social cognitive and affective neuroscience · doi
Review detail
Why it works. While the alarm is running, the parts of you that weigh an argument are not the parts in charge.
Feedback
none yet17Angry eyes and focused eyes look alike because they are doing the same job. Anger is your attention locked hard onto one target.
That description is more useful than a moral one, because attention is something you can practise and being a good person is not something you can practise directly. If you can shift where you are looking, quite literally, the grip loosens a little. Your hands, the floor, the window, then back to the person.
Islamic evidence
Be tolerant and command what is right: pay no attention to foolish people (Quran 7:199). Where attention goes is treated as something you decide, not something that merely happens to you.
“Be tolerant and command what is right: pay no attention to foolish people”
Qur'an 7:199
Psychological evidence
In a controlled comparison, children who practised a brief attention training exercise waited longer for a larger reward than children who did progressive muscle relaxation or nothing at all. Practising where attention goes changed what they could hold out for. It was a study in children using a waiting task, so it is suggestive for adults in conflict rather than direct evidence.
Murray J, Scott H, Connolly C, Wells A. (2018). Behaviour research and therapy · doi
Review detail
Why it works. Attention can be trained, so calling anger an attentional state gives you somewhere to work.
Feedback
none yet18Whatever you fix on costs you everything else in the room. In anger the picture stops moving and the target becomes the whole of it.
This is why the alternatives someone offers you mid argument sound like nonsense. You are not refusing to see them, you genuinely cannot see them from where your attention is standing. Widening the field on purpose helps: name three things in the room, or step outside so the field changes without you having to manage it.
Islamic evidence
Turn away whenever they hear frivolous talk (Quran 28:55). Turning away is a physical act as much as a moral one, and it breaks the lock.
“and turn away whenever they hear frivolous talk, saying, ‘We have our deeds and you have yours. Peace be with you! We do not seek the company of ignorant people.’”
Qur'an 28:55
Psychological evidence
In an eye tracking experiment with 43 novice dart players, deliberate self talk helped people hold their attention and performance under distraction and mental fatigue, though how much it helped depended on how worn down they were. Attention narrows under load, and a deliberate cue can partly counter it. That was a sports task with a small sample, so it points at the mechanism rather than settling it.
Geng L, Zou R, Li J, Yu L, Hong X. (2025). PloS one · doi
Review detail
Why it works. Attention runs on a fixed budget, so whatever is spent on the target is taken from the rest of the scene.
Feedback
none yet19Strong feeling narrows what you are aiming at, a narrow aim makes anything touching it look enormous, and that makes the feeling stronger. Get in early, because the loop is cheapest to interrupt at the start.
Waiting until you notice how big it has become means waiting until the loop has already gained. The practical version is to act on signals you would normally ignore: the second time you re read the message, the moment your reply starts getting longer. That is the point where stepping away still costs you nothing.
Islamic evidence
I seek refuge with you, Lord, so that they may not come near me (Quran 23:98). The request is made before the thing arrives rather than once it is already on top of you.
“I seek refuge with you, Lord, so that they may not come near me.’”
Qur'an 23:98
Psychological evidence
In a randomised controlled trial with forensic psychiatric patients, acceptance based anger management training reduced anger rumination and impulsivity compared with controls. Practice aimed at not being pulled into the cycle affected both the dwelling and the acting. It was a single site trial with a modest sample in a very particular population, so the size of any benefit elsewhere is unknown.
Polat H, Asi Karakaş S. (2021). Perspectives in psychiatric care · doi
Review detail
Why it works. Each turn of the loop makes the next turn stronger, so the earliest interruption is the easiest one.