Practices

Listen for the moment a young person starts explaining why home is better. A preference with reasons attached is much harder to shift than plain distress.

Distress you can soothe, and then move through together. A worked out case, less demanding work, nobody staring, no awkwardness at lunch, is…

Not every child who is not at school is frightened of school. Some are kept at home by what is happening there, some have decided the place is not worth it, and some are angry about one specific thing.

The child looking after an unwell parent, the teenager who has written the school off, and the one who cannot face the corridor all look the same on…

Missing school is not one thing. There is pleading that folds, pleading that becomes an hour of protest, arriving late, arriving and then sitting in the nurse's room by eleven, and not arriving at all.

Writing down which of those happened each day gives you something to watch. Most of the real movement, in both directions, happens inside days that…

Ask when it began and what that first week was like. What now looks like a teenager enjoying their freedom often started as fear that nobody could reach.

Patterns drift. A child frightened of the dining hall in September can, by March, be a young person with a settled day at home and a set of arguments…

There is a particular good feeling in getting out of something you were dreading. Give it a name at home, because it is exactly what makes tomorrow harder.

Children recognise this straight away when it is put plainly: the lovely feeling when you find out you do not have to go. Adults know it too, in the…

When the schoolwork is finished early, what follows is chores and dull jobs until the school day would have ended. The good things wait for the hour they would have waited for anyway.

This is not a punishment and it should not sound like one. It is about a sum the child does without noticing: if home offers the same day with none…

If a child can go to the school office whenever they like and stay as long as they like, that is an exit rather than a support. Agree a length, and a gap between visits.

Ten minutes, twice a day, with a return to lessons afterwards, is a support. Open ended visits from the first flutter of nerves onwards teach a very…

Every adjustment should arrive with the date you will start reducing it. Written down at the beginning, while everyone is still reasonable.

Supports meant as a bridge have a way of becoming the new normal, and by the spring nobody remembers they were temporary. Decide at the outset what…

Getting a child back through the gates is not the same as helping them. Ask what the school day is asking of them that they cannot face yet, and put your effort there.

Attendance is easy to count, which is why plans get built around it. A plan that only presses for attendance leaves the frightening thing exactly…

Most of these stories begin with one of four things: a change, a person, an assessment, or a loss. Working out which one tells you what the fear is really about.

A new school, a timetable that split them from their friends, someone who made the corridor unsafe, an exam, a long illness, a death at home, a…

When the fear is about being seen, being asked, being judged, you can build the steps out of real moments: the doorway, the corridor, the dining hall, answering once in a lesson.

Fear of a whole building cannot be practised. Fear of walking into the dining hall at half past twelve can. Make each step small enough to be boring…

Staff who think a child is playing them will respond in ways that make school worse. A short explanation of how avoidance actually works changes what happens in the corridor.

Explain the pattern rather than the pupil: the relief that follows getting out of something, and the way that relief quietly books the next absence.…

A shortened day, a pass on presenting to the class, a modified deadline, a quiet place at lunch: worth asking for when they let a child stay in the building rather than leave it.

The test for any adjustment is simple. Does it get them into the room and keep them there, or does it save them from the room? A shortened day that…

A long stretch at home is never neutral time. It teaches two things at once: staying away stops the dread, and staying away is pleasant.

That double lesson is why a few months out is so much harder to undo than a few days. First comes relief, then the slow morning, the screen, the…

If escape is holding the pattern in place, the plan closes off the escape a step at a time. If what waits at home is holding it, the plan moves those good things to the other side of the effort.

Most stuck cases are stuck because only one half was addressed. A careful ladder of steps does very little while the afternoon at home is still the…